ã€ä¸çŽ»ç’ƒç½‘】 (1) Silicon dioxide (Si02)
SiO2 is the main component of the production of flat glass, and is the "skeleton" of glass, which can increase the viscosity of the glass, lower the crystallization tendency of the glass, and improve the chemical stability and thermal stability of the glass.
(2) Al2O3 (Al2O3)
The effect of Al2O3 on increasing the viscosity of the glass is greater than that of silicon oxide. Therefore, an increase in the alumina content in the glass not only slows down the melting rate and lengthens the clarification time. At the same time, it is also unfavorable for the glass liquid to be flattened and polished in the tin bath. However, Al2O3 can reduce the crystallization tendency and speed of the glass, reduce the expansion coefficient of the glass, thereby improving the thermal stability of the glass and improving the chemical stability and mechanical strength of the glass.
(three) calcium oxide (CaO)
CaO is one of the main components of glass. It accelerates the melting and clarification process of glass and improves the chemical stability of glass. However, CaO tends to crystallize glass. At high temperatures, it can lower the viscosity of glass. The speed pulls the glass ribbon to create favorable conditions. However, the content of CaO in the glass is not too large, and if it is more than 10%, the brittleness of the glass is increased.
(4) Magnesium Oxide (MgO)
MgO can improve the chemical stability and mechanical strength of glass, and can reduce the crystallization tendency of glass. If MgO is used instead of CaO, the crystal disappearance temperature can be lowered, the devitrification tendency of the glass and the crystallization rate can be lowered, and the thermal stability of the glass can be improved. MgO has a complicated effect on the viscosity of the glass. When the temperature is higher than 1200 ° C, the viscosity of the glass liquid is lowered, and between 1200 and 900 ° C, the viscosity of the glass liquid tends to increase, and the viscosity is lower than 900 ° C. Instead, the viscosity of the glass is lowered. Therefore, the MgO content in the glass should not be too large.
(5) Sodium oxide (Na2O)
Na2O can greatly reduce the viscosity of the glass liquid, and is a flux for making glass, which has a great influence on the formation of glass and the clarification process of the glass. However, if the Na2O content is too large, the chemical stability, thermal stability, and mechanical strength of the glass are greatly lowered, and the glass is easily molded and the glass production cost is increased.
(6) Potassium Oxide (K2O)
K2O and Na2O-like can also greatly reduce the viscosity of the glass, but its effect is slightly worse, and it is also a flux for making glass. K2O can reduce the crystallization tendency of the glass and improve the gloss of the glass. When the R2O content is constant, an appropriate increase in K2O will increase the chemical stability of the glass.
(7) Iron oxide (Fe2O3 and FeO)
Iron oxide is an impurity that completely colors the glass, FeO makes the glass greenish, and Fe2O3 makes the glass yellow-green. Fe3O4 will make the glass green. Glass is usually present as Fe2O3 and FeO. FeO is much more serious for glass coloring procedures than Fe2O3. Whether it is high-priced iron or low-cost iron will reduce the transparency of the glass, so iron oxide is an undesirable impurity in the manufacture of flat glass and must be strictly controlled.
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