[The New Practice of Governing the Country and Politics in Inner Mongolia] The Heihe Science Transfers the "Green Miracle" in the Inner Mongolian Desert in 17 Years
"The dried sea has water, the Populus euphratica is alive, and the villagers who have moved away are back!" said the old-fashioned tribute to the old branch of the Ejina Banner in Inner Mongolia. Watching this piece of Populus, many people in the village started herding. To protect the hard-won water of life, Gongga has become a water protector.
Stop at Dongju Yanhai, where the waves are rippling and the reeds are swaying. Who can imagine that the 17-year-old Pearl of the Great Desert drained the last drop of tears and became the second largest dry lake in the west after Lop Nur.
How did the “Dead Sea†regain its fresh life when the Heihe River was transferred for 17 years?
Upper, middle and lower reaches of the lips, cold teeth, 17 years of "life-saving water" to help relay
Water is an oasis, and water is a desert. Ejinaqi Czeke herdsman Batu Mengke deeply understands: "There is no way, no water, no grass can grow!" In May 2000, the family looked at the boundless sand, reluctantly carrying more than 400 The sheep moved away from home.
Heihe River is the second largest inland river in China. It originated from Qilian Mountain 600720. It is the middle section of the stock market, with a total length of 928 kilometers. It flows through Qinghai, Gansu and Inner Mongolia, and finally flows into Juyanhai of Ejin Banner.
For thousands of years, under the nourishment of the Heihe River, it has been beautiful. However, "the water has passed from the front door, and whoever quotes it is correct." The upper and middle reaches are over-utilized, and people compete with nature. The Heihe River is gradually unable to reach Juyanhai. In 1961, the West Juyan Sea disappeared; in 1992, the East Juyan Sea disappeared.
Upper, middle and lower reaches, the lips are cold and cold. According to statistics, since the 1960s, there are 40,000 mu of Populus euphratica, Elaeagnus angustifolia and Red Willow in the Juyanhai area, and the desertification of the land has increased. The grassland vegetation has been reduced from more than 200 species to more than 20 species. The sand is coming. In 2000 alone, Ejina broke out sandstorms 27 times and repeatedly attacked Beijing and Tianjin. Zhang Wei of the middle reaches was also not spared, and the sandstorm became more and more intense. Will Zhang Hao of tomorrow become another Ejina?
Xiao Xiaoju is in Yanhai, connected to Zhongnanhai. The Party Central Committee and the State Council are concerned about the ecological construction of Ejina. Since 2000, the Heihe River water quantity unified dispatch has been implemented. The Yellow River Commission of the Ministry of Water Resources established the Heihe River Basin Authority to authorize full river basin management.
Water transfer is difficult to distinguish water across provinces. Liu Gang, director of the Heihe River Basin Administration, said that like Ejina, Heihe River is also the lifeblood of Zhangye. The annual evaporation here is 10 times that of rainfall. The people's living and production water are all counting on Heihe. Can water be separated?
"The whole line is closed and concentrated," which is the only choice for Heihe. "You can't patronize yourself, let the downstream worry!" "Share a river and build a good home." The middle-class people made a selfless dedication.
Xiwan Village, Banqiao Township, Linze County, Zhangye City, was once the home of fish and rice. The Heihe River diverted water, and the water in Xiwan Village was also smashed. The village branch secretary Gu Cong took the people to fight the wells, plant fruit trees, plant grass to raise livestock, adjust the structure, and ease the contradiction of water use.
"Autumn water Laozi winter water mother, do not water winter water does not grow long." After the autumn, after harvesting corn, the ground should be poured over the winter water. In 2000, it was a dry year, and with closed mouth, there were more than 2,000 mu of land in the Youlian Irrigation District of Gaotai County, Zhangye City.
In order to ensure the water transfer, the sluice on the bank of the Heihe River stayed up all night, "people do not leave, the mouth does not leave people", forming a "green escort." Mao Zhengzhi, Xiaoman Town, Ganzhou District, the ordinary peasant, quietly put down the farm work and began to block the dam to protect the water. On the banks of the Heihe River, Zhang Yiren repaired 88 gates, closed four times in 2000, leaving 650 million cubic meters downstream. The indicator of rice water.
The desert is in a stream, and it is expected to recover. In the past 17 years, Heihe has vented 58 times in total, and the water volume was 18.5 billion cubic meters. The “life-saving water†was sent for another journey. Dongju Yanhai created a “life legend†for 13 consecutive years, with a water surface of 41.3. In the square kilometers, the number of birds has reached more than 30,000, the Populus euphratica has increased to 440,000 mu, the wetland has expanded to 300,000 mu, and the surrounding ecology has returned to the level of the 1970s and 1980s.
Water shortage forced the “water saving revolution†and the green industry renewed its vitality
The Heihe River transfers water and focuses on the middle reaches. With the Heihe River, there is a "Golden Zhangye"; what is the black river water, Zhang Wei?
Liu Gang introduced that Zhang Wei is one of the top ten commodity grain bases in China, and water accounts for more than 90% of the whole river. According to the water distribution plan determined by the State Council, Zhang Wei has to divide 60% of the water into the downstream, which is equivalent to reducing the water consumption of 600,000 mu of cultivated land. The difficulty is conceivable.
“The key is to save water and the potential in agriculture.†The middle reaches of the middle reaches the water, and the development of water, forced structural adjustment, set off a “self-revolution†of agricultural water conservation.
In 2001, Zhang Wei became the first pilot area for water-saving society in China. Total control and quota management, Zhangye City bundles the interests of water and farmers, and forms a water-saving social operation mechanism of “settlement by water, distribution of water to households, trading of water, and operation of water ticketsâ€.
The structure is adjusted with water. In Ganzhou District, more than 70% of the wheat in the irrigation area was changed to water-saving corn. "In the past, the water was poured into the water, and the water did not care if the water was washed away. Now it is necessary to carefully calculate and use more water to pay more money." Guo Long, a villager in the first gate village, calculated an account: he rented 50 acres of land, and Compared with planting wheat, nearly one-half of acre of water is saved, and the income of mu is increased by more than 700 yuan.
Water saving technology to follow up. Zhang Wei vigorously promoted the whole-film ridge for furrow irrigation, field crops, sets, multiple cropping and other water-saving and income-increasing technologies. Song Falin, a village party secretary of Dangzhai Town, said that in the past, wheat was interplanted with corn, and more than 600 cubic meters of water was poured in a year. Now, the corn is drip-irrigated with film, and only 200 cubic meters of water is used per year.
Water trading is becoming more and more mature, and “selling water†is an ordinary thing among farmers. “Water saving means saving money, so you don’t have to water it.†Liu Xingwen, a farmer from Gaotai County, said, “Every farmer has a water right certificate, watering the water ticket first, watering the water ticket, and passing the water. The market sells. The water rights transaction effectively balances the rural water use, and the households have a clear total amount. Everyone has a clear quota, and water conservation has become a conscious action of the farmers.
To create a water-saving economy, Zhangye banned newly-opened wasteland in the city, banned new high-water-consumption crops, and compressed existing high-water-consumption crops; expanded forest and grass area, expanded economic crop area, and expanded low-water-consumption crop area . At present, the city's water-saving irrigation area is more than 3 million mu, the annual water saving is 150 million cubic meters, the total water consumption is controlled at 2.254 billion cubic meters, and the effective utilization coefficient of farmland irrigation water is increased to 0.578.
Water-saving agriculture has not affected development. “Zhangyu Corn Seeds†has moved to the whole country. Zhangye has become the largest corn seed production base in China. Its market share accounts for 40% of the country. The total number of “three products and one standard†is 216, and the production area is 2.7 million mu, accounting for 000,061 agricultural products. 71% of the green agriculture is rejuvenating.
Keep the bottom line of ecology and build a new engine for green development
The Heihe River has been in the water for 17 years, and the former sand source has turned into a "great fairy tale." The Mongolian herder Dabhilatu said happily: "There is another fish in the lake. The dead Populus euphratica has sent new branches and the birds have flown back!"
After years of treatment, the upstream grassland coverage increased by more than 40%, the water source conservation capacity increased significantly, and the water volume of the Falling Gorge increased to 2.237 billion cubic meters in 2016. The agricultural planting structure in the middle reaches was optimized and adjusted, and the construction of water-saving society was initially effective; the downstream ecology was obviously restored, and the governance objectives were initially achieved. From the source to the tail, from the river to the shore, the basin ecology as a whole is better.
The change of the Heihe River has made people understand the importance of ecological civilization construction. The Batu Mengke family moved back to the Ejina Banner. The new home was in the “Huyang Family†settlement in Dalaihubu Town. He retired most of the pastures and reduced the number of sheep and camels. He said: "Now the herdsmen are no longer mainly grazing, mainly engaged in tourism, each person subsidies of 31,000 yuan per year, plus business, the income is not less than in the past."
The Ejina, who watched the edge of the Badain Jaran Desert, weave green with hard hands. Genden, 68, and his wife, Yongqing Gabu, contracted the 10,000-acre wild beach of Hantao to Sumu, planted dates, and shuttles, opened up artificial forage bases, and raised camels and cattle and sheep for more than 20 years. The beach turned into a grassy pasture.
Keeping the bottom line of the ecology, the green industry has great potential. Zhao Chunli, director of the Ejina Banner Tourism Bureau, said that in 2016, Ejinaqi, which has less than 20,000 people, received more than 1.6 million domestic and foreign tourists, with a comprehensive income of more than 2 billion yuan.
In pursuit of green development, Zhang Wei builds a market for agricultural products safety, explores the production of green organic agricultural products and increases the income system of farmers' incomes, so that agriculture and tourism can “closely contact†and create a new engine for green development.
It is expected that as one of the country's 172 key water conservancy projects, the Huangzangsi water conservancy project started construction in the upper reaches of the Heihe River last year. After completion, it can rationally allocate ecological and economic water for the middle and lower reaches, providing health and health and health and social development of the river basin. Important Guarantee.
Heihe science transferred water and played a green carol.
Source: Inner Mongolia News Network
(Editor: Yue Right)
[Disclaimer] This article only represents the views of the cooperating contributors and does not represent the position of Hexun.com. Investors should act accordingly, at their own risk.
Women's pants come in various styles and colors, including bell-bottoms, tight low-rise pants, and traditional pants. They are available in different colors such as orange-red, black, and white, catering to the needs of most women. The comfort of wearing women's pants depends on the fabric used. Additionally, these pants are designed in different sizes for women of different age groups, ensuring they can accommodate the majority of women's body types.
Ladies Pants ,Womens Sweat Pants,Trouser Pants For Ladies,Black Joggers Womens
T&H INTERNATIONAL TRADING LIMITED , https://www.th-shoetrend.com